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THE MERCK MANUAL - Aneurisms



Subaortic and mid-ventricular obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with an apical Aneurism: a case report


Cardiovascular Ultrasound

Aneurism Article
Background: Most patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) have asymmetric septal hypertrophy and among them, 25% present dynamic subaortic obstruction. Apical HCM is unusual and mid-ventricular HCM is the most infrequent presentation, but both variants may be associated to an apical aneurism. An even more rare presentation is the coexistece mid-ventricular and apical HCM. This case is a combination of obstructive HCM with mid-ventricular HCM and an apical aneurism, which to date, has not been reported in the literature.

Case presentation: The patient is a 49 year-old lady who presents a combination of septal asymmetric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and midventricular HCM, a subaortic gradient of 65 mm Hg and a midventricular gradient of 20 mm Hg, plus an apical aneurism. Her clinical presentation was an acute myocardial infarction in June 2005.

One month after hospital discharge, the electrocardiogram (ECG) showed a right bundle branch block (RBBB) with no Q waves or ST segment elevation. Coronary angiography revealed normal coronary arteries, left ventricular hypertrophy and an apical aneurism.

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Aneurism


  • The patient is a 49 year-old patient admitted with oppressive and prolonged chest pain.
  • This case is a combination of obstructive HCM with mid-ventricular HCM and an apical aneurism (see figure), which to date, has not been reported in the literature
  • The apical aneurism observed is in the presence of normal epicardial coronary arteries and in the absence of coronary spasm
  • The apical aneurism could be due to microvascular dysfunction and increased stress in the apical chamber, consequent to the combination of subaortic and mid-ventricular obstruction (1).

Ventriculogram of Aneurism

Figure: Left ventriculogram in right anterior oblique projection (30°), during diastole (A) and systole (B), demonstrating the angiographic appearances of midventricular obliteration with apical aneurysm.

Excerpt from Subaortic and mid-ventricular obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with an apical Aneurism: a case report
  First time case report
From The International Journal of Cardiology

Oozing type of left ventricular rupture via subepicardial aneurism diagnosed 5 months after myocardial infarction


  • 71-year-old man with severe epigastric pain for the past 5 months
  • Marked cardiac dilatation and massive pericardial effusion with a small subepicardial aneurism at the posterior wall of the left ventricle
  • Coronary angiography showed a blunt occlusion of the mid-portion of the circumflex artery.
  • Left ventricular angiogram revealed aneurismal deformity of the left ventricular posterior wall
  • First case report in which a subepicardial aneurism with massive pericardial effusion was detected in the chronic stage of MI and successfully managed without surgical repair.

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